Welcome to our weekly round-up of the latest bariatric and obesity-related papers published in the medical literature. As ever, we have looked far and wide to give you an overview of papers including histopathological analysis post-LSG, exercise post-BMS in patients with sarcopenia obesity, microvascular abnormalities repaired after bariatric surgery, suicidal ideation among adolescents with obesity and health literacy and obesity, and more (please note, log-in maybe required to access the full paper).
Histopathological Analysis Post Sleeve Gastrectomy: Value and Correlation With Preoperative Endoscopic Findings
King Fahad Specialist Hospital (KFSH) in Buraydah, Saudi Arabia, have reported that post-LSG histopathological examination (HPE) correlates with preoperative endoscopic findings in patients undergoing LSG, however, given the low prevalence of malignancy, routine HPE may not be warranted and should be considered selectively to reduce costs and effort.
Writing in Cureus, the retrospective single-centre analysis included 908 patients with obesity (547 (60.2%) were female and 361 (39.8%) were male) and a mean age of 35.16±13.049 years and a mean BMI of 44.08±7.095kg/m2.
Preoperative gastroscopy revealed no mucosal abnormalities, ulcers, polyps, or vascular lesions in 421 patients (99.3%). HPE) of the resected tissue identified premalignant lesions in three patients (0.7%), with no malignancies detected.
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The impact of bariatric surgery and exercise on systemic immune inflammation index in patients with sarcopenia obesity
A study led by researchers at the Universidade de Évora, Évora, Portugal, that investigated the association between Systemic Immune Inflammation Index (SII) and bariatric surgery in patients with sarcopenic obesity and evaluate the eventual impact of exercise on SII, has found a lack of positive effect of physical exercise per se in the short-term on the systemic inflammatory condition present in obesity.
Writing in Scientific Reports, sarcopenic patients with obesity underwent bariatric surgery (RYGB) and were randomised to participate in a structured physical exercise or to control group.
The combined results of the two groups showed that weight, BMI, % of body fat, muscle mass and muscle strength, the 30s sit-to-stand test and bone mineral density all decreased significantly as expected, along with the SII that also decreased significantly. The intervention group showed higher ASMM, handgrip strength, 30s Sit-to-stand test and 400-m walk test and bone mineral density when compared with the control group.
However, SII showed no difference between both groups (p>0.05). The results of the current research show a positive impact of bariatric surgery on weight and associated conditions control and a negative impact on muscle mass and function. SII responded very favourably to surgery with or without exercise, with a clear decrease in its score.
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Improvement of Microvascular Function in Patients with Morbid Obesity After Bariatric Surgery Revealed by Imaging Photoplethysmography
Russian investigators have concluded that microvascular abnormalities caused by obesity could be repaired after bariatric surgery and subsequent conservative treatment.
The findings published in Obesity Surgery, sought to quantitatively assess the cutaneous microcirculatory change caused by bariatric surgery using imaging photoplethysmography, and included 20 patients with obesity whose BMI was greater than 40 kg/m2 who underwent bariatric surgery and 20 control subjects. Microvascular function was assessed twice, before and 6 months after surgery, by measuring the perfusion response to local forearm heating up to 40 °C using imaging photoplethysmography.
The perfusion response to local heating was found to be significantly lower in patients with obesity before surgery vs. the control group, but 6 months after surgery, it approaches indicators of the control group, along with a decrease in BMI from 48±5 to 36±5kg/m2, (p<0.001).
In addition, bariatric surgery improved biochemical markers of metabolic syndrome (glycated haemoglobin decreases from 6.3±1.0 to 5.2±0.4% and cholesterol from 5.2±1.4 to 4.2±0.8mmol/l).
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Effects of objective and perceived weight on suicidal ideation among adolescents: Findings from the 2015–2021 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey
Both perceived and actual BMI may be associated with suicidal ideation among adolescents, researchers from the School of Social Work, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, have found.
Writing in Psychiatry Research, the study examined the association between perceived weight, actual weight and suicidal ideation among adolescents. In total, 61,298 adolescents ages 12 to 18 were included in the final analytic sample.
They reported that approximately one in five adolescents reported suicidal ideation. In the multivariable analyses, adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight and had BMI ≥ 85th percentile had 1.48 times higher odds of reporting suicidal ideation (95 % CI=1.35–1.62) and adolescents who perceived themselves as overweight but had BMI <85th percentile had 1.47 times higher odds of experiencing suicidal ideation than their peers who did not perceive themselves as overweight and had BMI <85th percentile.
“Future research could examine differences in perceived and actual BMI and identify potential interventions to proactively address mental health issues that may stem from stigma related to being overweight or obese,” they concluded.
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Health literacy and obesity: A systematic scoping review
Given the dearth of targeted health literacy measures for obesity, there is a critical need to develop a distinct measure of health literacy for obesity to guide policy, research, education and intervention, according to researchers from the School of Psychological Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia.
The study published in Obesity Reviews, sought to systematically review extant literature to evaluate the way in which health literacy is measured for individuals with obesity and to identify the key areas of health literacy that are commonly assessed.
The systematic scoping review was conducted over five databases and yielded 12 papers (n= 15,393 patients) and revealed that although there are currently multiple measures that exist that assess independent or dual domains of health literacy, there were no studies that specifically utilised a measure that holistically assessed the three maintaining and modifiable domains of health literacy of obesity (psychological knowledge, nutritional knowledge and knowledge about physical activity).
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