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Journal Watch 28/06/13

08:34 27/06/13 | Owen Haskins | Editor in chief, Bariatric News

This week we report on papers from the journal Diabetes Care, the American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, Endoscopy, Radiology Medicine and the International Journal of Obesity.

A Role for Fibroblast Growth Factor 19 and Bile Acids in Diabetes Remission After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass.

Reporting in the journal, Diabetes care, researchers from the Geisinger Clinic, Danville, Pennsylvania examined the roles fibroblast growth factor 19-BA pathway plays a role in the remission of human diabetes after RYGB surgery. Circulating FGF19 and bile acids levels, hepatic glycogen content, and expression levels of genes regulating the FGF19-BA pathway were compared among these groups of patients using pre- and postoperative serum samples and intraoperative liver biopsies. The results showed that preoperatively, patients with diabetes had lower FGF19 and higher BA levels than nondiabetic patients, irrespective of body weight. In diabetic patients undergoing RYGB, lower FGF19 levels were significantly correlated with increased hepatic expression of the cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase 1 (CYP7A1) gene, which modulates BA production. (Abstract)

Effects of Sleeve Gastrectomy and Ileal Transposition, Alone and in Combination, on Food Intake, Body Weight, Gut Hormones, and Glucose metabolism in Rats.

Writing in the American Journal of Physiology - Endocrinology and Metabolism, investigators from the University of Calgary, Canada, compared the effects of a sleeve gastrectomy, with ileal transposition  alone and together sleeve or sham manipulations, on food intake, body weight, gut hormones, glucose tolerance and key markers of glucose homeostasis in peripheral tissues of adult male Sprague Dawley rats (450-550g; n=7-9/group).  The results suggested that enhanced lower gut stimulation following the three procedures leads to transient reduction in food intake and weight gain together with enhanced secretion of lower gut hormones and improved glucose clearance by peripheral tissues. (Abstract)

Evaluation of an endoscopic suturing device for transoral outlet reduction in patients with weight regain following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.

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Journal Watch 20/06/13

08:32 20/06/13 | Owen Haskins | Editor in chief, Bariatric News

This week we report on papers from the journal of journal of Physiology & Behavior, the International Journal of Obesity, Surgical Endoscopy, Current Pharmaceutical Design and the World Journal of Diabetes.

Roux-en-y gastric bypass surgery in rats alters gut microbiota profile along the intestine
Published in the journal of Physiology & Behavior, researchers from the University of Zurich and the Université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium, report that RYGB induced changes in the microbiota of the alimentary limb and the common channel resembling those seen after prebiotics treatment or weight loss by dieting. Thet state that the changes may be associated with altered production of intestinal hormones known to control energy balance. (Abstract)

Waist circumference to assess reversal of insulin resistance following weight reduction after bariatric surgery: cohort and cross-sectional studies
Writing in the International Journal of Obesity, investigators sought to validate the use of waist circumference in assessing the reversal of insulin resistance after weight loss induced by bariatric surgery. They conclude that reversal of insulin resistance could either be assessed by a diagram based on initial waist circumference and reduction of waist circumference, or by using 100 m as a single cutoff for waist circumference after weight reduction induced by bariatric surgery. (Abstract)

Internal hernia due to adjustable gastric band tubing: review of the literature and illustrative case video
In a paper published in Surgical Endoscopy, researchers from the Hussein Cancer Center, Amman, Jordan, describe their experience (and provide an illustrative video of a case) of mmall bowel obstruction related to band tubing and hypothesise some risk factors that might lead to this unique morbidity of adjustable gastric band tubing and provide potential solutions to prevent this problem. (Abstract)

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Journal watch 14/06/13

09:56 12/06/13 | Owen Haskins | Editor in chief, Bariatric News

This week we report on papers from the journal of Obesity Surgery, Eating and Weight Disorders, Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders, the Journal of Surgical Research and Surgical Endoscopy.

Intensive Medical Weight Loss or Laparoscopic Adjustable Gastric Banding in the Treatment of Mild to Moderate Obesity: Long-Term Follow-up of a Prospective Randomised Trial.
Researchers from Australia sought to determine the  long-term (ten years) outcome for patients from a randomised controlled trial, which compared LAGB with non-surgical therapy. Eighty patients (BMI 30-35) were randomised to a non-surgical or a surgical program. Outcome data are available on 37 (92.5 %) of the surgical patients and 27 (62.5 %) of the non-surgical patients at 10 years. The paper reports on the weight change, the metabolic syndrome, quality of life, adverse events and direct costs of the surgical cohort. (Abstract)

Two-year changes in generic and obesity-specific quality of life after gastric bypass.
Investigators from Alto Deba Hospital, Mondragon, Spain, report in the Eating and Weight Disorders journal of the two-year changes in health-related quality of life (HRQL) after gastric bypass in patients with severe obesity, as well as HRQL improvements in relation to weight loss after bariatric surgery.  Of 82 patients who underwent surgery, 79 were followed-up for 2 years. Mean weight loss was 37% of body weight (49kg) and BMI fell from 50.6 to 31.8. (Abstract)

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Highlights from SOARD's May/June issue

02:43 31/05/13 | Owen Haskins | Editor in chief, Bariatric News

The May/June issue of Surgery for Obesity and Related Diseases is out now featuring literature reviews, case reports and comments. Here are some of the highlights:

Endoluminal revision of gastric bypass for weight regain—a systematic review
The Emerging Technology and Procedures Committee of the American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery (ASMBS) has publsihed a retrospective review of endoluminal interventions, which systematically reviews the available literature and assesses endoluminal procedures that are performed for weight regain after RYGB, as opposed to primary endoluminal obesity procedures. (Abstract)

Predictors of a difficult intubation in the bariatric patient: does preoperative body mass index matter?
This paper evaluates the factors associated with a difficult intubation in morbidly obese patients who underwent LRYGB and report on  Mallampati class, abnormal thyromental distance and restricted jaw mobility. (Abstract)

Exploration of esophageal hiatus: does crural repair reduce proximal pouch distension?
This paper examines the the relationship between crural exploration and repair (CR) and PPD in a private practice in Canada, and includes data from 3,000 patients who underwent primary laparoscopic adjustable banding procedures. (Abstract)

Long-term results of a randomized trial comparing banded versus standard laparoscopic Roux-en–Y gastric bypass
This report detail the five year outcomes from the initial results of a pilot study design to comparatively evaluate surgical morbidity, mortality, and maximum weight loss in patients undergoing banded and unbanded laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB), published in 2008. (Abstract)

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